ABAP Dynamic Function Call

 Code sample below shows how to implement a dynamic function call. Actually we need that kind of dynamic function call rarely instead of static call. However it helped me a lot in a complicated scenario. Less code , less effort and a clean code...

Also you can check standard documentation in here .

Open New Window Using ABAP

 While displaying a report , generally user wants to drill down by clicking one of the lines or cells to get more detailed information about related topic. Most common behavior to accomplish this task is displaying detailed information at the same window. However in some cases users need to display the detailed report in another window. They need to see both reports inside different windows. For this purpose check sample below.

DATA : ls_params TYPE tpara,
       lt_params TYPE TABLE OF tpara.

ls_params-paramid = 'BUK'.
ls_params-partext = '0001'.
APPEND ls_params TO lt_params.

ls_params-paramid = 'BLN'.
ls_params-partext = '00000101'.
APPEND ls_params TO lt_params.

ls_params-paramid = 'GJR'.
ls_params-partext = '2011'.
APPEND ls_params TO lt_params.


CALL FUNCTION 'CC_CALL_TRANSACTION_NEW_TASK'
  STARTING NEW TASK 'FB03_TASK'
  DESTINATION 'NONE'
   
EXPORTING
    transaction           = 'FB03'
    skip_first_screen     = 'X'
  TABLES
    paramtab              = lt_params
  EXCEPTIONS
    communication_failure = 97
    system_failure        = 98
    OTHERS                = 99.

IF sy-subrc NE 0.
  MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
          WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
ENDIF. 

Read Handling Unit Items

If you need to get the contents of a handling unit , this function will help you.

*** Data

  DATA : lf_highest_level_hu TYPE  exidv ,
              lt_hu_header TYPE hum_hu_header_t WITH HEADER LINE,
              lt_hu_items TYPE hum_hu_item_t WITH HEADER LINE .

*** Get Items
  CALL FUNCTION 'HU_GET_ONE_HU_DB'
    EXPORTING
      if_hu_number        = i_handling_unit
      if_all_levels       = 'X'   " Get All Levels
      if_with_text        = 'X'
    IMPORTING
      ef_highest_level_hu = lf_highest_level_hu
      et_hu_header        = lt_hu_header[]
      et_hu_items         = lt_hu_items[]
    EXCEPTIONS
      hu_not_found        = 1
      hu_locked           = 2
      fatal_error         = 3
      OTHERS              = 4.  

*** Delete root HUs if you need only materials 
   DELETE lt_hu_items WHERE unvel IS NOT INITIAL.  

Goods Movement For Production Order

 Sample Code to fulfill Goods Movement For Production Order.


*** PARAMETERS PASSED
 i_aufnr , i_aufnr_itno , i_plant , i_lgort , i_quantity
*** PARAMETERS PASSED

*** DATA Decleration
  DATA : gs_header TYPE bapi2017_gm_head_01 ,
         gs_code TYPE bapi2017_gm_code ,
         gt_headret TYPE TABLE OF bapi2017_gm_head_ret WITH HEADER LINE ,
         gt_item TYPE TABLE OF bapi2017_gm_item_create WITH HEADER LINE,
         gt_return TYPE TABLE OF bapiret2 WITH HEADER LINE.

 *** Find Order's UNIT
  SELECT SINGLE sbmeh FROM afko INTO lv_sbmeh
     WHERE aufnr = i_aufnr. 


*GM_CODE  TCODE   Description
*01   MB01  Goods receipt for purchase order
*02   MB31  Goods receipt for production order
*03   MB1A  Goods issue
*04   MB1B  Transfer posting
*05   MB1C  Other goods receipt
*06   MB11  Reversal of goods movements
*07   MB04  Subsequent adjustment with regard to a subcontract order

*** Set Code
  gs_code-gm_code = '02' .

*** Header
  gs_header-pstng_date = sy-datum .
  gs_header-doc_date   = sy-datum .
  gs_header-pr_uname   = sy-uname .
  gs_header-header_txt = 'Text 123'.
  gs_header-ref_doc_no = i_aufnr.

*** Item
  CLEAR gt_item  .
  gt_item-move_type  = '101' .
  gt_item-spec_stock = 'E'.
  gt_item-mvt_ind = 'F'.
  gt_item-stck_type = 'X'.

*** Order Id
  gt_item-orderid = i_aufnr.
  gt_item-order_itno = i_aufnr_itno.
  gt_item-plant      = i_plant  .
  gt_item-stge_loc   = i_lgort.
  gt_item-entry_qnt  = i_quantity  .
  gt_item-entry_uom  = lv_sbmeh.
  gt_item-entry_uom_iso  = lv_sbmeh.
  gt_item-item_text  = i_aufnr .

  APPEND gt_item .


  CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_GOODSMVT_CREATE'
    EXPORTING
      goodsmvt_header  = gs_header
      goodsmvt_code    = gs_code
    IMPORTING
      goodsmvt_headret = gt_headret
    TABLES
      goodsmvt_item    = gt_item[]
      return           = gt_return[].

  BREAK-POINT.


  LOOP AT gt_return WHERE type = 'S'
                      AND id = 'L9'
                      AND number = '514'.
  ENDLOOP.
  IF sy-subrc EQ 0.  
 *** Delivery Created - OK
  ELSE. 
 *** Problem Occured - Check gt_return[]
  ENDIF.

 

Full-screen ALV

ABAP developers face ALV full-screen problem most of the times as a part of designing issue. Displaying ALV in full-screen mode is just easy as below. You don't need to create a custom container.

  if go_alv is initial.

    create object go_alv

      exporting

        i_parent          = cl_gui_container=>screen0

*        i_appl_events     = 'X'

      exceptions

        error_cntl_create = 1

        error_cntl_init   = 2

        error_cntl_link   = 3

        error_dp_create   = 4

        others            = 5.

    if sy-subrc ne 0.

      message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno

            with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.

    endif.

  endif.

Currency Conversion

Like unit conversion , currency conversion is also one of the most needed operation. And for this kind of  common operations we should have code snippets. Here is a sample usage for currency conversion.

*** Currency Conversion

if lv_waers_from ne lv_waers_to.

  perform convert_currency using lv_waers_from

                                 lv_waers_to

                        changing lv_wrbtr.

endif.

*-------------------------------------------

*      Form  convert_currency

*-------------------------------------------

FORM convert_currency  USING    p_from_waers

                                p_to_waers

                       CHANGING p_wrbtr.

  DATA : lv_ukurs TYPE tcurr-ukurs .

  CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERT_TO_LOCAL_CURRENCY'

    EXPORTING

      date             = gv_keydate

      foreign_amount   = p_wrbtr

      foreign_currency = p_from_waers

      local_currency   = p_to_waers

    IMPORTING

      exchange_rate    = lv_ukurs

    EXCEPTIONS

      no_rate_found    = 1

      overflow         = 2

      no_factors_found = 3

      no_spread_found  = 4

      derived_2_times  = 5

      OTHERS           = 6.

  CHECK sy-subrc EQ 0.

  p_wrbtr = p_wrbtr * lv_ukurs.

ENDFORM.                    " convert_currency

 

ABAP Field Symbol Usage

Here is a short sample which illustrates the usage of field symbols with work areas (headers) . Even though we don't know the number or the name of elements in a work area , we can dynamically get them like below. Field symbols are indispensable for complicated applications or reports. Also they could provide a solution for performance issues in some cases. Beside the usage below there are much more ways to use it. For more information just check out the documentation in sdn.

FIELD-SYMBOLS :  TYPE ANY ,

                 TYPE ANY .

DATA : t_table TYPE TABLE OF pa0001 WITH HEADER LINE.

SELECT * FROM pa0001 INTO TABLE t_table UP TO 100 ROWS.

LOOP AT t_table ASSIGNING  .

WRITE : /.

  " Loop at fields

  DO.

    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE  TO .

    IF sy-subrc EQ 0.

      WRITE : .

    ELSE.

      EXIT.

    ENDIF.

  ENDDO.

ENDLOOP.

Basic ABAP HTTP Request Sample

For various needs using http requests could be a life saver. Here is a simple code snippet.

  data : lv_value type string.

  data : http_client type ref to if_http_client .

  data : lv_url type string.

  data : return type string.

    data : lv_err_string type string ,

           lv_ret_code type sy-subrc .

* Build Url

  concatenate 'http://www.example.com/?param='

               lv_value

               into lv_url.

* Create Client 

  call method cl_http_client=>create_by_url

    exporting

      url    = lv_url

    importing

      client = http_client.

* Send 

  call method http_client->send

    exceptions

      http_communication_failure = 1

      http_invalid_state         = 2.

* Receive

  call method http_client->receive

    exceptions

      http_communication_failure = 1

      http_invalid_state         = 2

      http_processing_failed     = 3.

  if sy-subrc ne 0.

    http_client->response->get_status(

      importing

        code   = lv_ret_code

        reason = lv_err_string

           ).

    message lv_err_string type 'I'.

  endif.

* Now we have the response , parse , display  

* do what you like 

  return = http_client->response->get_cdata( ).

UTILITY CLASS

 Utility class is a kind of conceptual class that includes commonly used methods for the related operations. It groups methods together that have the similar purpose about a specific topic and these methods are static which makes them easy to use.

Examples of ABAP Utility Objects ;

CL_HTTP_UTILITY
CL_BSP_UTILITY
CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES
CL_ABAP_MEMORY_UTILITIES
CL_ABAP_STRING_UTILITIES
....

For Java ;

java.util.Collections

Wikipedia ;

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility_class

ABAP and Java Article

 Here is a nice article about ABAP vs JAVA named "How to Get the Most Out of ABAP and Java in the Context of SAP Technology". It provides answers for some of the popular questions such as "What Is the Future of ABAP and Java at SAP?".

SDN link;
http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/index?rid=/library/uuid/10f8e152-0da0-2e10-f9af-8eef7b9bbe15

SAP insider link;
ARTICLE : How to get Most Out of ABAP and Java in the Context of SAP Technology 

Abstract :
Is ABAP better than Java? Or is Java better than ABAP? This first article in a two-part series shows you that it isn't a question of which development language is better; the choice depends on the situation, and sometimes the answer is both. This article offers three questions to consider at the start of your decision-making process, and then looks at a scenario in which ABAP is the best option.

Displaying Custom HTML Content Using cl_gui_html_viewer

  Here is my sample program that contains necessary operations to display custom html content using cl_gui_html_viewer. It is simple and would be very useful in some cases.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report  ZZTEST
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT  zztest .

*** cl_gui_html_viewer instance
DATA : gr_browser TYPE REF TO cl_gui_html_viewer.

*** Data definitions HTML Content
DATA : gv_url(1024)  TYPE c.
DATA : gt_html TYPE TABLE OF char255 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA : gs_html LIKE LINE OF gt_html.
DATA : gv_color TYPE string VALUE '#e5f1f4'.

*** Internal Table That has main Data
DATA : BEGIN OF gt_main OCCURS 10,
       persno TYPE i,
       name TYPE string,
       age TYPE i,
       END OF gt_main.

*** Macro helps to create HTML content table
DEFINE add_to_html.
  clear : gs_html.
  gs_html = &1.
  append gs_html to gt_html.
END-OF-DEFINITION.

*** START-OF-SELECTION
START-OF-SELECTION.

  PERFORM add_data_for_demo.

  CALL SCREEN 100.


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  add_data_for_demo
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM add_data_for_demo.

*** Demo table to show
  DATA : lv_temp TYPE string.

  DO 30 TIMES.
    lv_temp = sy-index.
    CONCATENATE 'Employee No ' lv_temp INTO lv_temp SEPARATED BY ' '.

    CLEAR : gt_main.
    gt_main-persno = sy-index + 60 .
    gt_main-name = lv_temp.
    gt_main-age = ( sy-index + 60 ) / 3.
    APPEND gt_main.
  ENDDO.

ENDFORM.                    "add_data_for_demo
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Module  pbo_100  OUTPUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
MODULE pbo_100 OUTPUT.

  SET PF-STATUS 'PFST100'.
  SET TITLEBAR 'TITLE100'.

*** Show Html Table
  PERFORM html_viewer.

ENDMODULE.                 " pbo_100  OUTPUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Module  pai_100  INPUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
MODULE pai_100 INPUT.

  CASE sy-ucomm.

    WHEN 'BACK'.
      LEAVE PROGRAM.

  ENDCASE.

ENDMODULE.                 " pai_100  INPUT

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  html_viewer
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM html_viewer .

*** Create Instance Using Default Screen As Parent
  CREATE OBJECT gr_browser
    EXPORTING
      parent = cl_gui_container=>screen0.


*** Create Your HTML Content
  gv_url = 'test.htm'.

*** Html Head
  add_to_html :
  '<html><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; ',
  'charset=UTF-8"></head><body style="background:#b8fa84">' .

*** Html Body
*** Html Body
  add_to_html : '<b> THANKS to cl_gui_html_viewer </b><br><br><br>'.


*** Html Table Properties : You can also use css
  add_to_html :
    '<table border=1 cellpadding=1 cellspacing=0',
    'width=''500px''><thead>',
    '<tr style="background:lightgray;text-align:center;">',
    '<td colspan=3>',
    '<b > Report Header </b>',
    '</td></tr></thead>'.

*** Add header to html table
  add_to_html :
   '<tr align=center><td style="width:20%;background-color:azure">ID',
   '</td><td style="width:40%;background-color:azure">Name',
 '</td><td style="width:40%;background-color:azure;">Age</td></tr>'.


*** Show your internal table
  LOOP AT gt_main.
    PERFORM add_lines USING
          gt_main-persno gt_main-name gt_main-age.
  ENDLOOP.


*** Close HTML
  add_to_html : '</table></body></html>'.

*** Load HTML Data
  CALL METHOD gr_browser->load_data
    EXPORTING
      url          = gv_url
    IMPORTING
      assigned_url = gv_url
    CHANGING
      data_table   = gt_html[].

*** Show Url
  CALL METHOD gr_browser->show_url
    EXPORTING
      url = gv_url.

  CALL METHOD cl_gui_html_viewer=>set_focus
    EXPORTING
      control           = gr_browser
    EXCEPTIONS
      cntl_error        = 1
      cntl_system_error = 2
      OTHERS            = 3.



ENDFORM.                    " html_viewer
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  add_lines
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM add_lines USING p_1 p_2 p_3.

  DATA : lv_str1 TYPE string.
  DATA : lv_str2 TYPE string.
  DATA : lv_str3 TYPE string.

*** Zebra Style
  IF gv_color = '#e5f1f4'.
    gv_color = '#f8fbfc'.
  ELSE.
    gv_color = '#e5f1f4'.
  ENDIF.

  lv_str1 = p_1.
  lv_str2 = p_2.
  lv_str3 = p_3.

  CONCATENATE
  '<tr align=center><td style="width:20%;background-color:'
  gv_color '">' lv_str1 '</td>' INTO gs_html.
  APPEND gs_html TO gt_html.

  CONCATENATE
  '<td style="width:40%;background-color:' gv_color '">' lv_str2
  '</td><td style="width:40%;background-color:'
  gv_color '">' lv_str3  '</td></tr>'
  INTO gs_html.
  APPEND gs_html TO gt_html.

ENDFORM.                    "add_lines

USING ALV EVENT HANDLER FOR ALL INSTANCES

 We have more than one alv grid instance ( cl_gui_alv_grid ). Instead of defining separate event handlers for each instance , we could define one for an event using  FOR ALL INSTANCES keyword.

 When any of them fires related event, we could catch and take actions. But how do we know the instance ? Sender parameter is the key.

*** INSTANCES
    DATA : go_alv01 TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid ,
           go_alv02 TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid ,
           go_alv03 TYPE REF TO cl_gui_alv_grid .
 
*** LINK EVENTS TO INSTANCE
SET HANDLER go_event_handler->handle_double_click FOR ALL INSTANCES.

*** DEFINITION OF EVENT
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       CLASS lcl_event_handler DEFINITION
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
class lcl_event_handler definition .

  public section .

    class-methods:

     handle_double_click
     for event double_click of cl_gui_alv_grid
     importing e_row e_column sender.

  private  section.

endclass.                    "lcl_event_handler DEFINITION

*** IMPLEMENTATION OF EVENTS
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       CLASS lcl_event_handler IMPLEMENTATION
*---------------------------------------------------------------------*
class lcl_event_handler implementation .


  method handle_hotspot_click.


   CASE sender.
   
     WHEN go_alv01.
     " go_alv01 has fired the event
   
     WHEN go_alv02.
     " go_alv02 has fired the event
    
     WHEN go_alv03.
     " go_alv03 has fired the event
    
   ENDCASE.


  endmethod.                    "handle_hospot_click